{"id":39374,"date":"2025-10-21T10:30:19","date_gmt":"2025-10-21T01:30:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unionbiometrics.com\/?p=39374"},"modified":"2025-11-21T10:54:21","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T01:54:21","slug":"infographic-info001","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/unionbiometrics.com\/en\/infographic-info001\/","title":{"rendered":"[Infographic] Securing Face Recognition with 4th Gen AI Anti-Spoofing"},"content":{"rendered":"
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1. Introduction<\/h1>\n

A Realized Threat, The Structural Vulnerability of Commercial Face Recognition Systems<\/h2>\n

The ‘realistic face masks’ depicted in recent media are no longer a product of imagination. Academic and industrial experiments have proven that high-quality 3D masks and digital synthesis technologies can compromise Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) face recognition systems under specific conditions.<\/p>\n

COTS engines are optimized to provide high accuracy in static image-matching environments. However, they fundamentally lack security mechanisms to verify ‘liveness,’ leading to an inherent vulnerability to Presentation Attacks (PA).<\/p>\n

According to literature and empirical studies, when variables such as camera specifications, shooting distance, lighting, and matching thresholds are optimized in favor of an attacker, the Attack Presentation Classification Error Rate (APCER) can reach up to approximately 70%<\/span>. This figure is not merely a technical error but should be interpreted as a policy-level warning. It signifies a serious ‘Structural Security Debt’ that COTS-only strategies can create when an attacker identifies system weaknesses and uses optimized attack media.<\/p>\n

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2. Background<\/h1>\n

The Proliferation of High-Risk Infrastructure and the Scope of Threats<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>
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Deployment of Biometric Infrastructure<\/strong><\/p>\n

Biometric technology has become a standard security measure in airports, financial institutions, and critical national facilities. As of 2025, the U.S. Transportation Security Administration (TSA) operates Credential Authentication Technology (CAT) systems in approximately 84 airports. <\/span>CAT streamlines the identity verification process by cross-referencing a passenger\u2019s scanned ID with their facial biometric data in real time. The TSA plans to expand deployment to more than 400 airports<\/span> in the coming years.<\/p>\n

This represents a global trend. According to a report by the International Air Transport Association (IATA), 43% of airports<\/span> worldwide have already adopted biometric-based boarding systems, and 46% of passengers <\/span>have used them. As this infrastructure becomes increasingly widespread, the vulnerability of a single system can translate into both national and international security risks.<\/p>\n

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Types and Threats of Presentation Attacks<\/strong><\/p>\n

Presentation Attacks are broadly classified into three types, each posing a different level of threat:<\/p>\n